Vinegar (red wine)

Red wine vinegar starts as red wine, which is already widely listed as high in histamine, and then undergoes a second fermentation to become vinegar.

• Red wine base — red wine is among the highest-histamine alcoholic drinks to begin with, so the starting material already brings a significant histamine load before fermentation into vinegar begins

• Further fermentation — the conversion to vinegar involves additional microbial activity, and red wine vinegar consistently appears on high-histamine lists across major references

White wine vinegar or rice vinegar tend to be somewhat lower-histamine options within the vinegar category.